Increasing the Efficiency of Cattle Bone Ash P Fertilization with Nano Technology and Its Effect on the Growth and Yield of Shallots

The study investigates the efficacy of nano-sized cattle bone ash as an alternative phosphorus source for shallot cultivation, aiming to reduce dependence on mined phosphate rock. experimental was arranged in a 4 x 3 factorial Completely Randomized Design. first factor recommended dose P fertilizer, consisting 100%, 80%, 60%, and 40%. second using nano foliar application, applied 3, 4, 5 times. observation made plant growth yield shallot. Data analysis conducted with ANOVA continued DMRT. results showed no interaction effect fertilizer frequency spraying shallots. application at 40% could already produce shallots that were same according dosage. three times able provide high yields. In future, it is expected cow nanotechnology can be increase fertilization efficiency.